Izinzwa kudala zangena emikhakheni ebanzi kakhulu njengokukhiqizwa kwezimboni,

ukuthuthukiswa komkhathi, ukuhlola ulwandle, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, uphenyo lwezinsiza,

ukuxilongwa kwezokwelapha, i-bioengineering, kanye nokuvikelwa kwezinsalela zamasiko. Akulona ihaba

ukusho lokho kusukela emkhathini omkhulu, kuya olwandle olukhulu, ngisho nezinhlobonhlobo zobunjiniyela obuyinkimbinkimbi

amasistimu, cishe yonke iphrojekthi yesimanje ayinakuhlukaniswa nezinzwa ezihlukahlukene.

Kuyabonakala ukuthi indima ebalulekile yobuchwepheshe bezinzwa ekuthuthukiseni umnotho

futhi ukukhuthaza inqubekelaphambili yomphakathi kusobala kakhulu. Wonke amazwe emhlabeni abaluleke kakhulu

ekuthuthukisweni kwalo mkhakha. Kukholelwa ukuthi esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, ubuchwepheshe bezinzwa buzokwenza

gxuma uye phambili futhi ufinyelele ezingeni elisha elihambisana nendawo yalo ebalulekile.

        Izici zenzwa zihlanganisa: miniaturization, digitalization, intelligence,

multi-function, systematization, networking, it not only promote the transformation and

ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni zendabuko, kodwa futhi kungasungula izimboni ezintsha, ngaleyo ndlela kube

indawo entsha yokukhula komnotho ekhulwini lama-21. I-Miniaturization isekelwe ku

ubuchwepheshe be-microelectromechanical system (MEMS), obusetshenziswe ngempumelelo

kumadivaysi e-silicon ukwenza izinzwa zokucindezela kwe-silicon.