Inzwa yokucindezela i-Excavator iyinzwa esetshenziswa kakhulu kunazo zonke, yigama elijwayelekile lokuthola igesi, uketshezi, okuqinile nezinye izinto phakathi kwamandla e-inductive force, futhi kuhlanganisa
Ama-manometer akala umfutho womoya ngenhla namageji e-vacuum akala umfutho womoya ngezansi. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinzwa zamandla, indlela yokulinganisa yendabuko ukusebenzisa ukuguquguquka nokugudluzwa kwezinto ezinwebekayo ukuze kuvezwe ukugcinwa kwenjini yomjovo kagesi, kodwa umthamo wayo mkhulu, uyaxaka, futhi okukhiphayo akukona umugqa. Ngokukhula kwamakhono we-microelectronics, ukusetshenziswa kwe-semiconductor materials piezoresistive effect kanye nokunwebeka okuphakeme, ukuthuthukiswa kwezinzwa zamandla e-semiconductor, i-silicon piezoresistive ebalulekile kanye ne-capacitive amabili, anosayizi omncane, isisindo esincane, izinzuzo zokuzwela okuphezulu, isetshenziswa kabanzi kumandla we-semiconductor. izinzwa. Lapho i-semiconductor igcizelelwa phezulu ku-crystal, ukumelana kwayo kuzoshintsha. Ubudlelwano phakathi koshintsho lwe-conductor resistivity kanye ne-stress bubizwa nge-semiconductor piezoresistive effect, kanti inzwa yobuningi bomshini eyenziwe ngalo mphumela ibizwa ngokuthi i-piezoresistive force sensor, enezinhlobo ezimbili, enye inzwa eyenziwe nge-semiconductor strain gauge enamathiselwe ku i-elastic element, ebizwa nge-pasted piezoresistive sensor. Okunye ukumelana nokusabalalisa okwenziwa ngobuchwepheshe besekethe obudidiyelwe ku-substrate ye-semiconductor material, ukuze i-strain gauge ne-silicon substrate yakhe inzwa efanayo yonke, ebizwa ngokuthi i-diffusion piezoresistive sensor. Inezici zokuzwela okuphezulu, ukunemba okuphezulu, usayizi omncane, isisindo esilula, imvamisa yokusebenza ephezulu, isakhiwo esilula, umsebenzi onokwethenjelwa kanye nempilo ende.