Izinzwa zanamuhla ziyahlukahluka kakhulu kumgomo kanye nesakhiwo. Indlela yokukhetha izinzwa ngokunengqondo ngokwenhloso ethile yokulinganisa, into yokulinganisa nendawo yokulinganisa kuyinkinga yokuqala okufanele ixazululwe lapho kulinganiswa inani elithile. Lapho inzwa inqunywa, indlela yokulinganisa ehambisanayo kanye nemishini yokulinganisa nakho kunganqunywa. Impumelelo noma ukwehluleka kwemiphumela yokulinganisa kuncike kakhulu ekutheni ukukhethwa kwezinzwa kunengqondo yini.

1. Thola uhlobo lwenzwa ngokuya ngento yokulinganisa nendawo yokulinganisa.

Ukuze senze isilinganiso esithile, kufanele siqale sicabangele ukuthi hlobo luni lwenzwa olusetshenziswayo, oludinga ukunqunywa ngemva kokuhlaziya izici eziningi. Ngoba, ngisho nalapho sikala inani elifanayo lomzimba, kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinzwa ongakhetha kuzo, futhi iyiphi efanelekile, sidinga ukucabangela izinkinga ezithile ezilandelayo ngokuya nezici ezilinganiselwe kanye nezimo zokusebenzisa inzwa: ubukhulu yebanga lokulinganisa; Izidingo zesikhundla esilinganisiwe kuvolumu yenzwa; Ukuthi indlela yokulinganisa iwukuxhumana noma akuyena othintana naye; Indlela yokukhipha isignali, ukulinganisa okunezintambo noma okungaxhunywanga; Umthombo wenzwa, wasekhaya noma ongenisiwe, othengekayo, noma ozithuthukisele wona.

Ngemva kokucabangela izinkinga ezingenhla, singanquma ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwenzwa esingalukhetha, bese sicabangela inkomba ethile yokusebenza yenzwa.

2, ukukhetha ukuzwela

Ngokuvamile, phakathi komugqa womugqa wenzwa, ukuphakama kokuzwela kwenzwa, kuba ngcono. Ngoba kuphela lapho ukuzwela kuphezulu, inani lesiginali yokuphumayo elihambisana noshintsho olulinganisiwe likhulu ngokuqhathaniswa, elizuzisa ukucubungula isignali. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukuzwela kwenzwa kuphezulu, futhi umsindo wangaphandle ongahlobene nesilinganiso kulula ukuxutshwa kuwo, futhi uzophinde ukhuliswe uhlelo lokukhulisa, oluzothinta ukunemba kokulinganisa. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuthi inzwa ngokwayo kufanele ibe nesilinganiso esiphezulu sesignali-kuya-kumsindo futhi izame konke okusemandleni ukunciphisa amasiginali wokuphazamiseka awethulwe ngaphandle.

Ukuzwela kwenzwa kuyaqondisa. Uma inani elilinganisiwe lingaqondile, futhi ukuqondisa kwayo kuyadingeka ukuba kube phezulu, izinzwa ezinokuzwela okuphansi kwezinye izinkomba kufanele zikhethwe; Uma i-vector elinganisiwe iyi-multidimensional vector, ukuzwela okuphambene kwenzwa kuncane, kungcono.